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(1) Chen, X.; Xie, Q.; Ninomiya, S.; Chen, L. C. Feedback Control for Electrospray Ionization Based on the Shape of the Liquid Meniscus at the ESI Emitter. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 2026, 520, 117567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2025.117567.

(2) Zhang, X.; Ying, Z.; Chen, L. C. High-Pressure ESI with High-Temperature Pre- and Post-ESI Heating for High-Throughput Analysis of Hydrothermal and Gas-Phase Thermal Effects on Analytes. Analyst 2025, 150 (22), 5032–5042. https://doi.org/10.1039/D5AN00599J.

(3) Matsuda, T.; Chen, L. C. Negative Differential Resistance and Ion Emission from The Taylor Cone of Undiluted Ionic Liquid Generated by a Voltage-Driven High-Pressure Electrospray. J. Phys. Chem. B 2025, 129 (18), 4438–4445. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.5c00669.

(4) Li, L.; Xie, Q.; Chen, L. C.; Ninomiya, S. Click-and-Analyze: Automated Pinpoint Ambient Mass Spectrometry with Sheath-Flow Probe Electrospray Ionization. Mass Spectrometry 2025, advpub. https://doi.org/10.5702/massspectrometry.A0179.

(5) Hongo, Y.; Fukuyama, D.; Chen, L. C.; Sekimoto, K.; Watanabe, H. Ghost Peaks of Aromatic Metabolites Induced by Corona Discharge Artifacts in LC-ESI-MS/MS. Journal of Mass Spectrometry 2025, 60 (1), e5102. https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.5102.

(6) 高野凜; 韓忠保; 本郷やよい; 渡邉寛; チェンリーチュイン. 水中における生体サンプルの直接質量分析に向けた装置開発. Journal of the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan 2024, 72 (4), 79–80. https://doi.org/10.5702/massspec.24-005.

(7) Matsuda, T.; Chen, L. C. Direct ESI-MS of Ionic Liquids Using High-Pressure Electrospray From Large-Bore Emitters Made of Micropipette Tips. Mass Spectrometry 2024, 13 (1), A0148–A0148. https://doi.org/10.5702/massspectrometry.A0148.

(8) Han, Z.; Zheng, H.; Wu, S.; Liu, L.; Chen, L. C. Effects of Anions on the Electrospray Ionization of Proteins in Strong Acids. Analyst 2024, 149 (19), 4960–4969. https://doi.org/10.1039/D4AN00421C.

(9) Han, Z.; Hishida, S.; Chen, L. C. Formation of Alternating Surfactant-Enriched and Surfactant-Depleted Phases in the Taylor Cone of a Nanoelectrospray. Anal. Chem. 2024, 96 (18), 7297–7303. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01379.

(10) Futami, M.; Naito, H.; Ninomiya, S.; Chen, L. C.; Iwano, T.; Yoshimura, K.; Ukita, Y. Automated Sample Preparation for Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Based on CLOCK-Controlled Autonomous Centrifugal Microfluidics. Biomed Microdevices 2024, 26 (2), 22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-024-00703-4.

(11) Asakawa, D.; Saikusa, K.; Yoshida, H.; Han, Z.; Chen, L. C. Tuning the Internal Energy of Ions Produced by Atmospheric and High-Pressure Electrospray by Modulating the Gas Throughput into the First Vacuum Stage. Anal. Chem. 2024, 96 (26), 10748–10755. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01813.

(12) 小森亮輝; 鈴木理久; 韓忠保; チェンリーチュイン. エミッタ内の電気化学反応を防ぐ両極性エレクトロスプレーエミッタの開発. Journal of the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan 2023, 71 (4), 160–164. https://doi.org/10.5702/massspec.S23-54.

(13) Omata, N.; Matsuda, T.; Han, Z.; Chen, L. C. Characteristics of High-Pressure nanoESI-MS Using Standard and Chromatographically Packed (ZipTip) Micropipette Tips as Emitters for Highly Conductive Solutions. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 2023, 492, 117118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2023.117118.

(14) Ninomiya, S.; Chen, L. C.; Hiraoka, K. Sputtering Produced by Vacuum Electrospray Droplet Ions with Different Sizes and Charges. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B 2023, 41 (3), 032807. https://doi.org/10.1116/6.0002529.

(15) Han, Z.; Omata, N.; Matsuda, T.; Hishida, S.; Takiguchi, S.; Komori, R.; Suzuki, R.; Chen, L. C. Tuning Oxidative Modification by a Strong Electric Field Using nanoESI of Highly Conductive Solutions near the Minimum Flow Rate. Chem. Sci. 2023, 14 (17), 4506–4515. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SC07113D.

(16) Han, Z.; Omata, N.; Chen, L. C. Probing Acid-Induced Compaction of Denatured Proteins by High-Pressure Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 2023, 95 (39), 14816–14821. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03183.

(17) Han, Z.; Komori, R.; Suzuki, R.; Omata, N.; Matsuda, T.; Hishida, S.; Shuuhei, T.; Chen, L. C. Bipolar Electrospray from Electrodeless Emitters for ESI without Electrochemical Reactions in the Sprayer. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2023, 34 (4), 728–736. https://doi.org/10.1021/jasms.2c00382.

(18) Han, Z.; Hishida, S.; Omata, N.; Matsuda, T.; Komori, R.; Chen, L. C. Feedback Control of Electrospray with and without an External Liquid Pump Using the Spray Current and the Apex Angle of a Taylor Cone for ESI-MS. Anal. Chem. 2023, 95 (28), 10744–10751. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01768.

(19) Han, Z.; Chen, L. C. High-Pressure nanoESI of Highly Conductive Volatile and Non-Volatile Buffer Solutions from a Large Taylor Cone: Effect of Spray Current on Charge State Distribution. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 2022, 476, 116845. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2022.116845.

(20) Han, Z.; Chen, L. C. Generation of Ions from Aqueous Taylor Cones near the Minimum Flow Rate: “True Nanoelectrospray” without Narrow Capillary. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2022, 33 (3), 491–498. https://doi.org/10.1021/jasms.1c00322.

(21) Han, Z.; Chen, L. C. A Subtle Change in Nanoflow Rate Alters the Ionization Response As Revealed by Scanning Voltage ESI-MS. Anal. Chem. 2022, 94 (46), 16015–16022. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02997.

(22) 二宮啓; 川瀬幹大; チェンリーチュイン; 平岡賢三. Current Status of a Vacuum Electrospray Droplet Ion Beam and towards TOF-SIMS Applications. Journal of surface analysis 2021, 27 (2), 104–110. https://doi.org/10.1384/jsa.27.104.

(23) チェンリーチュイン; 二宮啓; 山垣亮. 第75回イオン反応研究会講演会兼平岡賢三特命教授・退官記念講演会開催報告. Journal of the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan 2021, 69 (6), 202–205. https://doi.org/10.5702/massspec.S21-08.

(24) チェンリーチュイン; 二宮啓. エレクトロスプレーを利用する質量分析技術. 表面技術 2021, 72 (3), 162–168. https://doi.org/10.4139/sfj.72.162.

(25) Han, Z.; Chen, L. C. Electrospray Ionization Inside the Ion Inlet Tube: Multijet Mode Operation. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2021, 32 (7), 1821–1828. https://doi.org/10.1021/jasms.1c00157.

(26) Chen, L. C.; Iwano, T.; Ninomiya, S.; Koike, T.; Tanaka, Y.; Yoshimura, K. Miniaturized String Sampling Probe and Electrospray Extraction/Ionization within the Ion Inlet Tube for Mass Spectrometric Endoscopy. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2021, 32 (2), 606–610. https://doi.org/10.1021/jasms.0c00366.

(27) Chen, L. C. High-Pressure ESI-MS Made Easy Using a Plug-and-Play Ion Source and Its Application to Highly Conductive Aqueous Solutions. Journal of Mass Spectrometry 2021, 56 (4), e4583. https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.4583.

(28) Hiraoka, K.; Ariyada, O.; Usmanov, D. T.; Chen, L. C.; Ninomiya, S.; Yoshimura, K.; Takeda, S.; Yu, Z.; Mandal, M. K.; Wada, H.; Rankin-Turner, S.; Nonami, H. Probe Electrospray Ionization (PESI) and Its Modified Versions: Dipping PESI (dPESI), Sheath-Flow PESI (sfPESI) and Adjustable sfPESI (Ad-sfPESI). Mass Spectrometry 2020, 9 (1), A0092–A0092. https://doi.org/10.5702/massspectrometry.A0092.

(29) Chen, L. C. A Plug-and-Play High-Pressure ESI Source with an Emitter at Ground Potential and Its Application to High-Temperature Capillary LC-MS. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2020, 31 (5), 1015–1018. https://doi.org/10.1021/jasms.0c00052.

(30) Yoshimura, K.; Yamada, Y.; Ninomiya, S.; Chung, W. Y.; Chang, Y.-T.; Dennison, A. R.; Hiraoka, K.; Takeda, S.; Chen, L. C. Real-Time Analysis of Living Animals and Rapid Screening of Human Fluid Samples Using Remote Sampling Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 2019, 172, 372–378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2019.04.050.

(31) Ninomiya, S.; Iwamoto, S.; Chen, L. C.; Hiraoka, K. Probe Electrospray Ionization of Mixture Solutions Using Metal Needles with Different Tip Conditions. Surface and Interface Analysis 2019, 51 (1), 100–104. https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.6558.

(32) Chen, L. C. High-Temperature Liquid Chromatography and the Hyphenation with Mass Spectrometry Using High-Pressure Electrospray Ionization. Mass Spectrometry 2019, 8 (2), S0079–S0079. https://doi.org/10.5702/massspectrometry.S0079.

(33) 亮山垣; リーチュインチェン; 啓二宮; 晃本山. 第69回イオン反応研究会講演会開催報告. J. Mass Spectrom. Soc. Jpn. 2018, 66 (2), 97–100. https://doi.org/10.5702/massspec.S18-12.

(34) 二宮啓; 髙木悠一郎; チェンリーチュイン; 平岡賢三. 真空型エレクトロスプレー液滴イオン銃の開発と飛行時間型二次イオン質量分析への応用. Vac. Surf. Sci. 2018, 61 (7), 440–445. https://doi.org/10.1380/vss.61.440.

(35) 二宮啓; 渡邊諒; チェンリーチュイン; 平岡賢三. 水溶液の真空エレクトロスプレーにより発生する帯電液滴の質量および価数. Vac. Surf. Sci. 2018, 61 (5), 286–291. https://doi.org/10.1380/vss.61.286.

(36) Usmanov, D. T.; Ashurov, K. B.; Ninomiya, S.; Hiraoka, K.; Wada, H.; Nakano, H.; Matsumura, M.; Sanada-Morimura, S.; Nonami, H. Remote Sampling Mass Spectrometry for Dry Samples: Sheath-Flow Probe Electrospray Ionization (PESI) Using a Gel-Loading Tip Inserted with an Acupuncture Needle. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 2018, 32 (5), 407–413. https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.8045.

(37) Rahman, M. M.; Chen, L. C. Analytical Characteristics of Nano-Electrospray Operated under Super-Atmospheric Pressure. Analytica Chimica Acta 2018, 1021, 78–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2018.03.026.

(38) Ninomiya, S.; Sakai, Y.; Chen, L. C.; Hiraoka, K. Development of a Vacuum Electrospray Droplet Ion Gun for Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry. Mass Spectrometry 2018, 7 (1), A0069–A0069. https://doi.org/10.5702/massspectrometry.A0069.

(39) Ninomiya, S.; Chen, L. C.; Hiraoka, K. Relative Secondary Ion Yields Produced by Vacuum-Type Electrospray Droplet Ion Beams. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B 2018, 36 (3), 03F134. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.5019182.

(40) Chen, T.; Kitada, A.; Seki, Y.; Fukami, K.; Usmanov, D. T.; Chen, L. C.; Hiraoka, K.; Murase, K. Identification of Copper(II)–Lactate Complexes in Cu2O Electrodeposition Baths: Deprotonation of the α-Hydroxyl Group in Highly Concentrated Alkaline Solution. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2018, 165 (10), D444–D451. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0831810jes.

(41) Chen, L. C.; Tsutsui, S.; Naito, T.; Ninomiya, S.; Hiraoka, K. Electrospray Ionization Source with a Rear Extractor. Journal of Mass Spectrometry 2018, 53 (5), 400–407. https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.4072.

(42) Chen, L. C.; Naito, T.; Ninomiya, S.; Hiraoka, K. Hyphenation of High-Temperature Liquid Chromatography with High-Pressure Electrospray Ionization for Subcritical Water LC-ESI-MS. Analyst 2018, 143 (22), 5552–5558. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8AN01113C.

(43) 二宮啓; 境悠治; チェンリーチュイン; 平岡賢三. 真空エレクトロスプレーを用いるイオン銃の開発. Journal of the Vacuum Society of Japan 2017, 60 (8), 321–327. https://doi.org/10.3131/jvsj2.60.321.

(44) Yamada, Y.; Ninomiya, S.; Hiraoka, K.; Chen, L. C. Development of Remote Sampling ESI Mass Spectrometry for the Rapid and Automatic Analysis of Multiple Samples. Mass Spectrometry 2017, 5 (2), S0068–S0068. https://doi.org/10.5702/massspectrometry.S0068.

(45) Usmanov, D. T.; Ninomiya, S.; Chen, L. C.; Saha, S.; Mandal, M. K.; Sakai, Y.; Takaishi, R.; Habib, A.; Hiraoka, K.; Yoshimura, K.; Takeda, S.; Wada, H.; Nonami, H. Desorption in Mass Spectrometry. Mass Spectrometry 2017, 6 (2), S0059–S0059. https://doi.org/10.5702/massspectrometry.S0059.

(46) Usmanov, D. T.; Hiraoka, K.; Ninomiya, S.; Chen, L. C.; Wada, H.; Matsumura, M.; Sanada-Morimura, S.; Nakata, K.; Nonami, H. Pulsed Probe Electrospray and Nano-Electrospray: The Temporal Profiles of Ion Formation from the Taylor Cone. Anal. Methods 2017, 9 (34), 4958–4963. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7AY01275F.

(47) Ninomiya, S.; Yoshimura, K.; Chen, L. C.; Takeda, S.; Hiraoka, K. Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Renal Cell Carcinoma with Electrospray Droplet Ion Beams. Mass Spectrom (Tokyo) 2017, 6 (1), A0053. https://doi.org/10.5702/massspectrometry.A0053.

(48) Chen, L. C.; Yoshimura, K.; Ninomiya, S.; Takeda, S.; Hiraoka, K. Towards Practical Endoscopic Mass Spectrometry. Mass Spectrometry 2017, 6 (3), S0070–S0070. https://doi.org/10.5702/massspectrometry.S0070.

(49) Chen, L. C.; Naito, T.; Tsutsui, S.; Yamada, Y.; Ninomiya, S.; Yoshimura, K.; Takeda, S.; Hiraoka, K. In Vivo Endoscopic Mass Spectrometry Using a Moving String Sampling Probe. Analyst 2017, 142 (15), 2735–2740. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7AN00650K.

(50) Usmanov, D. T.; Yu, Z.; Chen, L. C.; Hiraoka, K.; Yamabe, S. Low-Pressure Barrier Discharge Ion Source Using Air as a Carrier Gas and Its Application to the Analysis of Drugs and Explosives. J. Mass Spectrom. 2016, 51 (2), 132–140. https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.3732.

(51) Usmanov, D. T.; Chen, L. C.; Hiraoka, K.; Wada, H.; Nonami, H.; Yamabe, S. Nitrogen Incorporation in Saturated Aliphatic C6–C8 Hydrocarbons and Ethanol in Low-Pressure Nitrogen Plasma Generated by a Hollow Cathode Discharge Ion Source. J. Mass Spectrom. 2016, 51 (6), 446–452. https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.3765.

(52) Ninomiya, S.; Sakai, Y.; Watanabe, R.; Sogou, M.; Miyayama, T.; Sakai, D.; Watanabe, K.; Chen, L. C.; Hiraoka, K. Secondary Ion Yields for Vacuum-Type Electrospray Droplet Beams Measured with a Triple Focus Time-of-Flight Analyzer. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2016, 30 (20), 2279–2284. https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.7703.

(53) Ninomiya, S.; Chen, L. C.; Sakai, Y.; Hiraoka, K. Secondary Ions Produced by Electrospray Droplet Impact with m/z Selection from 103 to 106. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B 2016, 34 (3), 03H116. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4943024.

(54) Chen, L. C.; Ninomiya, S.; Hiraoka, K. Super-Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Ultrafast Online Protein Digestion Analysis. J. Mass Spectrom. 2016, 51 (6), 396–411. https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.3779.

(55) Yoshimura, K.; Chen, L. C.; Johno, H.; Nakajima, M.; Hiraoka, K.; Takeda, S. Development of Non-Proximate Probe Electrospray Ionization for Real-Time Analysis of Living Animal. Mass Spectrom. 2015, 3 (Special_Issue_3), S0048–S0048. https://doi.org/10.5702/massspectrometry.S0048.

(56) Usmanov, D. T.; Saha, S.; Chen, L. C.; Ninomiya, S.; Mandal, M. K.; Hiraoka, K. Probe Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry with Discontinuous Atmospheric Pressure Interface. Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester) 2015, 21 (3), 327–334. https://doi.org/10.1255/ejms.1309.

(57) Usmanov, D. T.; Chen, L. C.; Yu, Z.; Yamabe, S.; Sakaki, S.; Hiraoka, K. Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization of Explosives Using Alternating Current Corona Discharge Ion Source. J. Mass Spectrom. 2015, 50 (4), 651–661. https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.3552.

(58) Petroselli, G.; Mandal, M. K.; Chen, L. C.; Hiraoka, K.; Nonami, H.; Erra-Balsells, R. In Situ Analysis of Soybeans and Nuts by Probe Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. J. Mass Spectrom. 2015, 50 (4), 676–682. https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.3575.

(59) Habib, A.; Chen, L. C.; Usmanov, D. T.; Yu, Z.; Hiraoka, K. Detection of Explosives Using a Hollow Cathode Discharge Ion Source. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2015, 29 (7), 601–610. https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.7142.

(60) Chen, L. C.; Kinoshita, M.; Noda, M.; Ninomiya, S.; Hiraoka, K. Rapid Online Non-Enzymatic Protein Digestion Analysis with High Pressure Superheated ESI-MS. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2015, 26 (7), 1085–1091. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13361-015-1111-4.

(61) Chen, L. C. When API Mass Spectrometry Meets Super Atmospheric Pressure Ion Sources. Mass Spectrometry 2015, 4 (1), A0041–A0041. https://doi.org/10.5702/massspectrometry.A0041.

(62) Yu, Z.; Chen, L. C.; Ninomiya, S.; Mandal, M. K.; Hiraoka, K.; Nonami, H. Piezoelectric Inkjet Assisted Rapid Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Metabolites in Plant Single Cells via a Direct Sampling Probe. Analyst 2014, 139 (22), 5734–5739. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4AN01068J.

(63) Ninomiya, S.; Sakai, Y.; Chen, L. C.; Hiraoka, K. Characteristics of Charged Droplet Beams Produced from Vacuum Electrospray. Journal of surface analysis 2014, 20 (3), 171–176.

(64) Ninomiya, S.; Chen, L. C.; Sakai, Y.; Hiraoka, K. Evaluation of a Diode Laser-Assisted Vacuum-Type Charged Droplet Beam Source. Surf. Interface Anal. 2014, 46 (S1), 364–367. https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.5532.

(65) Habib, A.; Ninomiya, S.; Chen, L. C.; Usmanov, D. T.; Hiraoka, K. Desorption Mass Spectrometry for Nonvolatile Compounds Using an Ultrasonic Cutter. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2014, 25 (7), 1177–1180. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13361-014-0899-7.

(66) Chen, L. C.; Rahman, Md. M.; Hiraoka, K. High Pressure Super-Heated Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Sub-Critical Aqueous Solution. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2014, 25 (11), 1862–1869. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13361-014-0974-0.

(67) Chen, L. C.; Rahman, M. M.; Hiraoka, K. Super-Atmospheric Pressure Ion Sources: Application and Coupling to API Mass Spectrometer. Mass Spectrom. 2014, 3 (Special_Issue), S0024–S0024. https://doi.org/10.5702/massspectrometry.S0024.

(68) Yu, Z.; Chen, L. C.; Mandal, M. K.; Yoshimura, K.; Takeda, S.; Hiraoka, K. Direct Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometric Profiling of Real-World Samples via a Solid Sampling Probe. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2013, 24 (10), 1612–1615. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13361-013-0697-7.

(69) Yoshimura, K.; Mandal, M. K.; Hara, M.; Fujii, H.; Chen, L. C.; Tanabe, K.; Hiraoka, K.; Takeda, S. Real-Time Diagnosis of Chemically Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using a Novel Mass Spectrometry-Based Technique. Analytical Biochemistry 2013, 441 (1), 32–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2013.06.017.

(70) Usmanov, D.; Chen, L. C.; Ninomiya, S.; Hiraoka, K. Threshold Behaviour of Ion Formation for Noble Metals (Au, Ag, Cu, Pt) Irradiated by 4 Ns 532 Nm Laser. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 2013, 341–342, 45–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2013.02.009.

(71) Saha, S.; Mandal, M. K.; Chen, L. C.; Ninomiya, S.; Shida, Y.; Hiraoka, K. Trace Level Detection of Explosives in Solution Using Leidenfrost Phenomenon Assisted Thermal Desorption Ambient Mass Spectrometry. Mass Spectrometry 2013, 2 (Special_Issue), S0008–S0008. https://doi.org/10.5702/massspectrometry.S0008.

(72) Saha, S.; Chen, L. C.; Mandal, M. K.; Hiraoka, K. Leidenfrost Phenomenon-Assisted Thermal Desorption (LPTD) and Its Application to Open Ion Sources at Atmospheric Pressure Mass Spectrometry. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2013, 24 (3), 341–347. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13361-012-0564-y.

(73) Rahman, Md. O.; Mandal, M. K.; Shida, Y.; Ninomiya, S.; Chen, L. C.; Nonami, H.; Hiraoka, K. Development of Sheath-Flow Probe Electrospray Ionization (SF-PESI). J. Mass Spectrom. 2013, 48 (7), 823–829. https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.3226.

(74) Rahman, Md. M.; Chen, L. C.; Hiraoka, K. Development of High-Pressure Probe Electrospray Ionization for Aqueous Solution. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2013, 27 (1), 68–74. https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.6427.

(75) Rahman, M. M.; Mandal, M. K.; Hiraoka, K.; Chen, L. C. High Pressure Nanoelectrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of Aqueous Solutions. Analyst 2013, 138 (21), 6316–6322. https://doi.org/10.1039/C3AN00699A.

(76) Rahman, M. M.; Hiraoka, K.; Chen, L. C. Realizing Nano Electrospray Ionization Using Disposable Pipette Tips under Super Atmospheric Pressure. Analyst 2013, 139 (3), 610–617. https://doi.org/10.1039/C3AN01635H.

(77) Ninomiya, S.; Chen, L. C.; Sakai, Y.; Suzuki, H.; Hiraoka, K. Development of a High-Performance Electrospray Droplet Beam Source. Surface and Interface Analysis 2013, 45 (1), 126–130. https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.4907.

(78) Habib, A.; Usmanov, D.; Ninomiya, S.; Chen, L. C.; Hiraoka, K. Alternating Current Corona Discharge/Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization for Mass Spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2013, 27 (24), 2760–2766. https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.6744.

(79) Chen, L. C.; Rahman, M. M.; Hiraoka, K. Super-Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry. J. Mass Spectrom. 2013, 48 (3), 392–398. https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.3173.

(80) Chen, L. C.; Hori, H.; Hiraoka, K. Laser Desorption and Ionization Mass Spectrometry Using PlasmonicSubstrates. In Handbook of Nano-Optics and Nanophotonics; Ohtsu, M., Ed.; Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013; pp 1017–1055.

(81) Yu, Z.; Chen, L. C.; Mandal, M. K.; Nonami, H.; Erra-Balsells, R.; Hiraoka, K. Online Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometric Monitoring of Protease-Catalyzed Reactions in Real Time. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2012, 23 (4), 728–735. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13361-011-0323-5.

(82) Yoshimura, K.; Chen, L. C.; Mandal, M. K.; Nakazawa, T.; Yu, Z.; Uchiyama, T.; Hori, H.; Tanabe, K.; Kubota, T.; Fujii, H.; Katoh, R.; Hiraoka, K.; Takeda, S. Analysis of Renal Cell Carcinoma as a First Step for Developing Mass Spectrometry-Based Diagnostics. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2012, 23 (10), 1741–1749. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13361-012-0447-2.

(83) Petroselli, G.; Mandal, M. K.; Chen, L. C.; Ruiz, G. T.; Wolcan, E.; Hiraoka, K.; Nonami, H.; Erra-Balsells, R. Mass Spectrometry of Rhenium Complexes: A Comparative Study by Using LDI-MS, MALDI-MS, PESI-MS and ESI-MS. J. Mass Spectrom. 2012, 47 (3), 313–321. https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.2965.

(84) Ninomiya, S.; Chen, L. C.; Suzuki, H.; Sakai, Y.; Hiraoka, K. Vacuum Electrospray of Volatile Liquids Assisted by Infrared Laser Irradiation. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2012, 26 (7), 863–869. https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.6181.

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(95) Mandal, M. K.; Chen, L. C.; Hashimoto, Y.; Yu, Z.; Hiraoka, K. Detection of Biomolecules from Solutions with High Concentration of Salts Using Probe Electrospray and Nano-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Methods 2010, 2 (12), 1905–1912. https://doi.org/10.1039/C0AY00530D.

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(97) Chen, L. C.; Yu, Z.; Hiraoka, K. Vapor Phase Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide with Ambient Sampling Chemi/Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Methods 2010, 2 (7), 897–900. https://doi.org/10.1039/C0AY00170H.

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(99) Yu, Z.; Chen, L. C.; Suzuki, H.; Ariyada, O.; Erra-Balsells, R.; Nonami, H.; Hiraoka, K. Direct Profiling of Phytochemicals in Tulip Tissues and in Vivo Monitoring of the Change of Carbohydrate Content in Tulip Bulbs by Probe Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2009, 20 (12), 2304–2311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasms.2009.08.023.

(100) Yoshimura, K.; Chen, L. C.; Asakawa, D.; Hiraoka, K.; Takeda, S. Physical Properties of the Probe Electrospray Ionization (PESI) Needle Applied to the Biological Samples. J. Mass Spectrom. 2009, 44 (6), 978–985. https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.1576.

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(105) Chen, L. C.; Mori, K.; Hori, H.; Hiraoka, K. Au-Assisted Visible Laser MALDI. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 2009, 279 (1), 41–46. https://doi.org/doi:%2520DOI:%252010.1016/j.ijms.2008.10.005.

(106) Chen, L. C.; Hashimoto, Y.; Furuya, H.; Takekawa, K.; Kubota, T.; Hiraoka, K. Rapid Detection of Drugs in Biofluids Using Atmospheric Pressure Chemi/Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2009, 23 (3), 333–339. https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.3877.

(107) Asakawa, D.; Chen, L. C.; Hiraoka, K. The Analysis of Industrial Synthetic Polymers by Electrospray Droplet Impact/Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry. J. Mass Spectrom. 2009, 44 (6), 945–951. https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.1569.

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(110) Chen, L. C.; Hori, H.; Hiraoka, K. Visible Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Using Gold Nanostructure. In Progress in Nano-Electro-Optics VI: Nano-Optical Probing, Manipulation, Analysis, and Their Theoretical Bases; Ohtsu, M., Ed.; Springer Series in Optical Sciences; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2008; pp 67–97. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77895-0_3.

(111) Asakawa, D.; Chen, L. C.; Hiraoka, K. Negative-Mode MALDI Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Pigments Using Tetrathiafulvalene as a Matrix. J. Mass Spectrom. 2008, 43 (11), 1494–1501. https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.1425.

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(115) Aliman, O.; Chen, L. C.; Lim, C. S.; Daut, I.; Isa, M.; Adzman, M. R. Solar Engine Application by Using Concentrated Solar Energy. International Energy Journal 2007, 8 (2).

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